1. Which one is a component of vital signs?
a) Blood pressure
b) Hemoglobin
c) USG
d) CBC
Answer: Blood pressure
Explanation: According to World Health Organization (WHO), vital signs include temperature, pulse, respiration, and blood pressure—basic indicators of physiological status.
2. Normal adult body temperature is —
a) 35°C
b) 36.5–37.5°C
c) 38°C
d) 39°C
Answer: 36.5–37.5°C
Explanation: WHO defines normal body temperature range as approximately 36.5–37.5°C; fever is usually >38°C.
3. Which vital sign is most affected in shock?
a) Hearing
b) Vision
c) Blood pressure
d) Reflex
Answer: Blood pressure
Explanation: In shock, BP falls due to inadequate circulation—this is a key diagnostic sign in emergency care.
4. Rapid thready pulse indicates —
a) Shock
b) Hypertension
c) Normal condition
d) Obesity
Answer: Shock
Explanation: A rapid, weak pulse indicates poor cardiac output, commonly seen in shock or hemorrhage.
5. Normal adult pulse rate is —
a) 40–60/min
b) 100–120/min
c) 120–140/min
d) 60–100/min
Answer: 60–100/min
Explanation: Standard nursing guidelines recommend 60–100 bpm as normal adult pulse rate.
6. Respiratory rate in adult normally is —
a) 8–10/min
b) 12–20/min
c) 25–30/min
d) 30–40/min
Answer: 12–20/min
Explanation: Normal adult respiration is 12–20 breaths/min, as per clinical standards.
7. Which condition causes increased body temperature?
a) Infection
b) Hypothermia
c) Dehydration
d) Shock
Answer: Infection
Explanation: Fever is commonly caused by infection due to immune response.
8. Which vital sign is absent in respiratory arrest?
a) Respiration
b) Pulse
c) BP
d) Temperature
Answer: Respiration
Explanation: Respiratory arrest = complete absence of breathing → emergency condition.
9. Low blood pressure is called —
a) Hypertension
b) Hypotension
c) Hyperthermia
d) Tachycardia
Answer: Hypotension
Explanation: Hypotension = BP <90/60 mmHg → may lead to shock.
10. High body temperature is termed as —
a) Hyperthermia
b) Hypothermia
c) Bradycardia
d) Hypotension
Answer: Hyperthermia
Explanation: Hyperthermia = elevated body temperature, often due to infection or environment.
11. Which instrument is used to measure BP?
a) Thermometer
b) Stethoscope
c) Sphygmomanometer
d) ECG
Answer: Sphygmomanometer
Explanation: BP is measured using sphygmomanometer + stethoscope.
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12. Fever with rash is seen in —
a) Diabetes
b) Measles
c) Hypertension
d) Asthma
Answer: Measles
Explanation: Measles presents with fever + rash → affects temperature (vital sign).
13. Which vital sign increases in dehydration?
a) Vision
b) Pulse
c) Hearing
d) Reflex
Answer: Pulse
Explanation: Dehydration → ↓ fluid → compensatory tachycardia (↑ pulse).
14. Normal BP in adult is —
a) 90/60 mmHg
b) 120/80 mmHg
c) 140/100 mmHg
d) 160/110 mmHg
Answer: 120/80 mmHg
Explanation: WHO considers 120/80 mmHg as normal adult BP.
15. Absence of pulse indicates —
a) Fever
b) Cardiac arrest
c) Hypertension
d) Infection
Answer: Cardiac arrest
Explanation: No pulse = no cardiac output → life-threatening emergency.
16. Tachycardia means —
a) Slow pulse
b) Fast pulse
c) Low BP
d) High temperature
Answer: Fast pulse
Explanation: Tachycardia = pulse >100 bpm.
17. Bradycardia means —
a) Fast pulse
b) Slow pulse
c) High BP
d) Fever
Answer: Slow pulse
Explanation: Bradycardia = pulse <60 bpm.
18. Which vital sign is measured with thermometer?
a) Pulse
b) BP
c) Temperature
d) Respiration
Answer: Temperature
Explanation: Thermometer measures body temperature.
19. In shock, respiration becomes —
a) Slow
b) Fast
c) Absent
d) Normal
Answer: Fast
Explanation: Shock → hypoxia → compensatory tachypnea (rapid breathing).
20. According to nursing standard, vital signs should be checked —
a) Only once
b) Only before surgery
c) Regularly and as needed
d) Only in ICU
Answer: Regularly and as needed
Explanation: According to International Council of Nurses (ICN), continuous monitoring of vital signs is essential for patient safety and early detection of complications.
